Association Between Metabolic Syndrome And Acute Coronary Syndrome-A Cross Sectional Study
Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome describes clustering of factors including dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance and hypertension with central obesity. The metabolic syndrome has a marked impact on the prevalence of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes worldwide. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing worldwide & in Bangladesh, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome by using ATP III criteria was found to be 20.7 % for both men and women.
Objective: To find out the relation between metabolic syndrome and acute coronary syndrome. Methods: The study was a hospital-based observational study conducted at the Cardiology Department, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from April 2019 to March 2020. A sample of 200 adults was recruited (group 1-100 patients with ACS, group 2-100 subjects with no evidence of CAD). Participants were interviewed on their personal medical history. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were taken by using standardized methods. Blood samples were collected in a fasting state to measure triglyceride, FBG and HDL-C. For this study, the ATP criteria IV was used to describe the metabolic syndrome.
Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in ACS patients admitted in the hospital was 46% using ATP IV criteria, however, it was lower among subjects with no evidence of CAD (26%). The most prevalent risk factor was low HDL-C followed by elevated TG, hypertension, glucose intolerance and obesity. Hypertension, increased TG and impaired fasting glucose levels were predominant among patients with ACS. Dyslipidemia was identified as the most frequent and obesity was the least frequent component of metabolic syndrome.
Conclusions: The study revealed that metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in patients with acute coronary syndrome. This provides an opportunity for preventive strategies, reinforcing the good practices and learning the advantages of maintaining them to lower the clustering of potential risks for cardiovascular diseases.
Keywords: FBG And HDL-C, Metabolic Syndrome, ACS, Glucose Levels.